p-Block Elements-I - Formula Sheet

Periodic Trends and Electronic Configuration

• General Valence Configuration: \(ns^2 np^{1-6}\) (Groups 13-18)
• Group 13 Configuration: \(ns^2 np^1\)
• Group 14 Configuration: \(ns^2 np^2\)

Important Chemical Compounds

• Borax: \(Na_2[B_4O_5(OH)_4] \cdot 8H_2O\)
• Boric Acid: \(H_3BO_3\) or \(B(OH)_3\)
• Potash Alum: \(K_2SO_4 \cdot Al_2(SO_4)_3 \cdot 24H_2O\)
• Silicate Basic Unit: \([SiO_4]^{4-}\)
• Borazole (Inorganic Benzene): \(B_3N_3H_6\)

Preparation Reactions

• Borax from Colemanite: \(2Ca_2B_6O_{11} + 3Na_2CO_3 + H_2O \rightarrow 3Na_2B_4O_7 + 3CaCO_3 + Ca(OH)_2\)
• Hydrolysis of Silicon Tetrachloride: \(SiCl_4 + 4H_2O \rightarrow Si(OH)_4 + 4HCl\)